Panang Curry

Updated May 29, 2024

Panang Curry
Christopher Testani for The New York Times
Total Time
35 minutes
Prep Time
5 minutes
Cook Time
30 minutes
Rating
4(1,064)
Notes
Read community notes

Rich with coconut milk and crushed peanuts, panang curry, also known as phanaeng or panaeng curry, is subtly spiced with coriander and cumin. This version is made with chicken, but you’ll often find it made with beef and sometimes prawns. Panang curry is sometimes mistakenly linked to Penang, a Malaysian island, but it actually originated in Thailand. According to Pim Techamuanvivit, the chef and owner of Nari and Kin Khao restaurants in San Francisco, and the executive chef of Nahm Bangkok in Bangkok, it’s important to use thick coconut milk for the creamiest results, and be sure to break the sauce by simmering until a layer of bright red oil shimmers on top. Purchase panang curry paste online or at an Asian market and add crushed peanuts to it if it doesn’t include them (not all of them do), or prepare your own paste, as is done here.

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Ingredients

Yield:4 servings

    For the Panang Curry Paste

    • ½teaspoon coriander seeds
    • ½teaspoon cumin seeds
    • ¼cup/1 ounce dry-roasted, unsalted peanuts
    • 2 to 4tablespoons red curry paste, to taste (see Tip)

    For the Curry

    • 1pound boneless, skinless chicken breasts or thighs
    • 2teaspoons fish sauce, plus more as needed
    • 1(13.5-ounce) can full-fat coconut milk (do not shake)
    • 8makrut lime leaves, deveined, 6 torn and 2 thinly sliced, or 1 teaspoon grated lime zest, for serving
    • teaspoons palm, granulated or brown sugar, plus more as needed
    • 1small, mild, thin-skinned pepper, such as a Fresno, Anaheim or banana pepper, or ½ small red bell pepper, thinly sliced
    • Thai basil, thinly sliced, for serving (optional, if makrut lime leaves are not used)
    • Rice, for serving
Ingredient Substitution Guide
Nutritional analysis per serving (4 servings)

395 calories; 28 grams fat; 19 grams saturated fat; 0 grams trans fat; 4 grams monounsaturated fat; 2 grams polyunsaturated fat; 10 grams carbohydrates; 3 grams dietary fiber; 2 grams sugars; 31 grams protein; 364 milligrams sodium

Note: The information shown is Edamam’s estimate based on available ingredients and preparation. It should not be considered a substitute for a professional nutritionist’s advice.

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Preparation

  1. Step 1

    Prepare the curry paste: Heat a medium sauté pan over medium. Add the coriander and cumin. Swirl the pan around, or toss the seeds with a wooden spoon, and gently toast until fragrant, about 1 minute, taking care not to burn the spices. Transfer to a small plate and cool, then place in a spice grinder or mortar and pestle, and grind to a fine powder.

  2. Step 2

    Add the peanuts and finely grind until smooth. Transfer the mixture to a small bowl, add the red curry paste and stir until mixed.

  3. Step 3

    Thinly slice the chicken into 1½-inch-long pieces. Place in a medium bowl, drizzle with the fish sauce and mix until coated.

  4. Step 4

    Heat the same pan over medium-high. Scoop 4 tablespoons of the thick cream off the top of the coconut milk and add it to the pan; it will immediately sizzle. Stir until thickened and bubbling on the sides, about 30 seconds. Stir in the curry paste, to taste. Reduce to medium, and cook the paste, continuously stirring, until a thick paste forms and the coconut oil separates (the sauce “breaks”), 2 to 3 minutes. If it starts sticking, add a splash of coconut milk and scrape up anything from the bottom of the pan.

  5. Step 5

    Add the torn lime leaves or zest and sugar. Cook, continuously stirring, to dissolve the sugar and infuse the flavors, about 2 minutes. Add the remaining coconut milk, increase to medium-high, bring to a boil and cook, continuously stirring, until the curry has thickened enough to coat the back of a spoon and has a layer of bright red oil on top, 4 to 8 minutes. The curry should be at a lively simmer; adjust the heat as necessary.

  6. Step 6

    Add the chicken and cook, stirring frequently, until cooked through, 3 to 4 minutes. If using, stir in the peppers, saving a few for serving, and cook until just incorporated, about 1 minute. Taste and add more fish sauce and sugar, if needed. (Be mindful, this is not a sweet curry; the sweetness should hit a back note, not lead with it.)

  7. Step 7

    Garnish with the sliced lime leaves or Thai basil and reserved peppers. Serve alongside rice.

Tip
  • Different brands of curry paste vary in spice levels. Taste a little first and determine how much to use.

Ratings

4 out of 5
1,064 user ratings
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Cooking Notes

If you only have ground cumin and coriander, halve the measurements the recipe calls for

These are my suggestions if you are buying pre-made paste. 1) Don't buy American brands of Curry paste or coconut milk. I buy Maesri curry paste, Chaokoh coconut milk and/or Mae Ploy coconut cream. 2) I like lots of sauce, so I combine one 4oz can of curry paste with one 19oz can coconut cream and one 13.5oz can of coconut milk. 3) for sauce, first combine the fatty portion of coconut cream and milk with the paste until it begins to look like peanut butter, then add remaining ingredients.

Here's two more tips. 1) serving on top of rice can dilute curry flavor. serve on the side instead. 2) I use pre-cooked meat. Buy a Costco chicken and shred, then dice. I prefer pork, so I buy a big pork shoulder, slow cook it, shred it, dice it, divide into multiple servings, and freeze them. When it's time to make curry, I pull a bag of pork out of the freezer and use that. Buying a big pork shoulder also saves money. I use the shredded pork for many different recipes: curry, tacos, BBQ.

We always have a few cans of Maesri curry paste in the pantry. It makes for a very quick and easy meal that doesn't taste quick and easy. I use a bit less than the can directions call for. About 1/2 can with 1 can of coconut milk (there's 2 of us). The other 1/2 can gets frozen.

I learned almost exactly this recipe at a cooking school in Thailand and it’s delicious! Highly recommend Maesri brand curry paste. It’s a bit spicy so I usually use around half a can per pound of meat. I also add in 1/4 teaspoon of tamarind paste.

The two best curry paste brands are Mae Ploy and Maesri.

substitute for peanuts in the curry: almond butter substitute for fish sauce: Yondu Vegetable Umami Sauce. Excellent replacement for fish sauce in all recipes it calls for!

As someone who is incorrigibly (genetic) Irish I use a large potato, either nuked or baked, in the place of rice for Panang, Green, and Red, but a sweet potato with Massaman. Maesri or M.P. are both good pastes. I used to make my own paste but it's a 45-minute plus Metro to the Thai store for coriander roots. At any rate, works for me.

Maesry actually makes a Panang curry paste. Not as easy to find as their red or green, but often available in Asian supermarket.

Made this as written last night using 3.5oz of Thai Kitchen brand red curry paste , the toasted spices, dry-roasted peanuts and, Thai Kitchen brand organic, unsweetened coconut milk chilled. Only had dried lime leaves and fished them out before serving. Used boneless, skinless chicken thighs sliced whilst still semi frozen. All round winner. Word of caution - four adults cleared their bowls and asked if there were seconds! Will double the recipe next time just to get some left overs.

I believe if you refrigerate your can of coconut milk, it will separate, MaryP.

The recipe says you can substitute 1 teaspoon grated lime zest for the makrut lime leaves

This was easy and tasty. Added green beans which worked out great. Next time will up the curry paste and the entire red pepper. A keeper

Coconut milk varies widely in its make up. Some cheap brands have as little as 25% coconut. Look at the ingredients, you should not accept less than 60%, some brands go up to 85% plus... Not all coconut milks are the same, it will makes a huge difference to the taste.

You can buy vegan/vegetarian fish sauce (soy-based) for dietary restrictions, but there is really no substitute when cooking Thai food. When I first started cooking Thai food decades ago I omitted or reduced the fish sauce because it smelled terrible and I didn't think I'd like it. Then I tried the food with and without it and have never omitted again!

Worked like a charm, but I added some aromatics in the paste - a bit clove of garlic and about 3/4 inch of ginger, roughly chopped and then smashed in the mortar and pestle with the rest of the paste ingredients. Added a lot of depth of flavor without overpowering the other spices, I think.

I used ground cumin and coriander and peanut butter to make it a faster recipe, and it still tasted great! Would make again!

Used Thai Kitchen red curry paste which was surprisingly good. Very easy and delicious recipe after balancing flavors. Makrut lime leaves in the freezer had lost their flavor so used lime zest. Tamarind paste per suggestion of other readers would be a nice addition. Note to self: next time don't use those little yellow chilies. Too much heat.

In this kind of recipe thighs are always better than breast meat. I'd stir in some tamarind paste just before serving as well to give that characteristic sweet-sour tang. Penang curry paste also makes an excellent curry with slow cooked stewing beef, about as close as Thai curries get to Indian ones.

Chicken needs to cook for at least 15-20 minutes not 3-4 unless you want to be ill.

I made this tonight exactly as written (using lime zest & 1/2 can Maesri Panang curry paste). It was excellent. My partner went back for thirds.

I thought this was delicious. Not sure why it doesn’t have 5 stars from everyone. Super easy and lots of flavor.

Would add veggies if I did it again

Made recipe as instructed but added a 1/4 teaspoon of tamarind paste at the end—absolutely delicious!!

I hate peanuts and any hint of them. Would cashews work?

i followed the instructions as is except I used beef instead of chicken. Loved it. It will be a mainstay in my rotation.

I doubled the recipe, and it fed my family of five alright. I wasn't able to find the markut, but I was able to find everything else.

My cupboard had an unopened undated packet of Musmun Curry Paste, brand Nampick Mae Anong from Bangkok. It was dark reddish brown. Mae Ploy coconut cream. No unsalted roasted peanuts, so I weighed out some peanut butter. Turbinado raw cane sugar. Makrut lime leaves from our garden. The result was flavorful and mild. Thai cooking classes emphasized balancing flavors; I am surprised the recipe doesn’t have an acid - lime juice or tamarind - to balance it.

I doubled the coriander and cumin seeds, and toasted the peanuts with the seeds. The curry came out spicier and much more flavorful than when I followed the exact recipe.

This is an awesome recipe! We had to double it to feed all of us. The only change I would make is to add additional vegetables - spinach, mushrooms, etc?

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