This consensus statement describes the guideline development process for recommending a transfusion strategy in newborns with less than 30 weeks’ gestational age.

This randomized clinical trial assesses whether emotional awareness and expression therapy is superior to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain among a racially and ethnically diverse cohort of older veterans.

This cluster randomized clinical trial examines the individual and combined effects of components of a hand hygiene training program—an instructional video and hand scan images—on the level of decontamination after washing hands among first-year nursing students in Hong Kong.

This randomized clinical trial investigates whether administration of early, low-dose oral diazoxide in neonates with severe or recurrent hypoglycemia reduces time to normoglycemia.

This qualitative study reports on how diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) leaders at US medical schools and academic health centers perceive their roles and responsibilities, access to resources, and institutional challenges.

This cohort study uses neuroimaging to examine the association of racial discrimination with alterations in resting-state functional connectivity and accelerated epigenetic aging among Black women in the US.

This quality improvement study analyzes whether assessing maternal blood pressure and associated symptoms at the time of well-child visits vs traditional postpartum visits is associated with increased detection of postpartum preeclampsia.

This cross-sectional study compares differences in demographics, respiratory support modes, and clinical outcomes for children with respiratory syncytial virus before vs after the COVID-19 pandemic.

This survey study of clinical and research experts and service users describes a core set of outcome measures for specific neurodevelopmental disorders.

This survey study assesses changes from 2017 to 2021 in self-reported annual influenza vaccination among workers in nonfederal and Veterans Affairs hospitals.

This randomized clinical trial examines the use of Limosilactobacillus reuteri supplementation in early postmenopausal women for the prevention of bone loss.

This cohort study uses data for handgun owners in California who died by suicide and for extreme risk protection order (ERPO) respondents in Connecticut who died by suicide to estimate of the number of ERPOs needed to prevent 1 suicide.

This cohort study assesses insurance denials of radiation therapy and their association with changes in radiation technique, dose, and time to treatment delivery among patients with cancer.

This cross-sectional study investigates the association of area deprivation index measures with bilateral hippocampal volume in children and assesses whether these associations vary by school and family environment.

This cohort study evaluates the association between racial discrimination and risk for psychopathology moderated by neuroaffective processing.

This cohort study investigates whether neighborhood deprivation is associated with breast cancer mortality among Black and White women and whether rurality, residential mobility, and racial composition of the neighborhood modify that association.

This cohort study compares the incidence rate of dementia before 65 years of age among responders with severe exposure to debris with responders not exposed to building debris or who wore personalized protective equipment during rescue operations following the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center.

This cohort study evaluates patient safety and satisfaction, financial implications, and environmental consequences associated with fully remote physician management of radiation oncology care.

This cohort study investigates whether sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) use is associated with lupus nephritis and other kidney and cardiac adverse outcomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and type 2 diabetes.

This phase 3 randomized clinical trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of peceleganan, an antimicrobial peptide spray, compared with a conventional topical antibiotic silver sulfadiazine in patients with skin wound infections.

This cohort study of Medicare beneficiaries evaluates the association between hospital quality and sex disparities in mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting.

This cohort study examines the hospitalization rates associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection during the 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 seasons compared with the pre-COVID-19 2017-2020 seasons in Ontario, Canada.

This cross-sectional study evaluates differences in prediabetes prevalence by intersectional social determinants of health (SDOH) and race or ethnicity categories in a nationally representative sample of US adolescents eligible for type 2 diabetes screening based on age and body mass index–based overweight or obesity.

This case-control study analyzes the diagnostic accuracy of various components of a concussion assessment that uses both patient report and standardized assessment among college athletes with and without concussion.

This cohort study examines independent associations of sedentary behaviors, particularly watching television, and light physical activity with healthy aging and estimates the potential associations of replacing sedentary behaviors with physical activity or sleep.

This cohort study examines depressive symptoms and cognitive function in English adults aged 50 years or older throughout a 16-year follow-up period and evaluates whether there is a bidirectional association.

This cohort study examines the risk factors for developing delirium and/or agitation in patients in the emergency department waiting for an inpatient bed.

This cohort study uses Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program registry data to estimate cancer incidence trends in successive social generations in the US.

This cohort study of patients younger than 18 years hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 or multisystem inflammatory syndrome evaluates the association of severe neurological manifestations with new neurocognitive or functional morbidities at discharge.

This phase 2 nonrandomized controlled trial investigates the feasibility of bridging stereotactic body radiotherapy before deceased donor liver transplant for previously untreated unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

This cohort study evaluates whether receipt of androgen deprivation therapy is associated with outcomes among Black men with prostate cancer who underwent radiation therapy.

This cohort study assesses whether the association between preterm birth and adulthood income differs according to family socioeconomic status at birth and assesses the association between preterm birth and intergenerational income mobility.

This survey study examines the prevalence of burnout among mid-career medical faculty and factors associated with personal and work-related burnout.

This cross-sectional study investigates whether there are associations between inflation, economic policy changes, and retirees’ access to medicines in Argentina.

This prognostic study analyzes the accuracy of the Phoenix Sepsis Score for the classification of attributable mortality risk in children with cancer presenting to the intensive care.

This randomized clinical trial compares brief and extended coaching programs for patients in an online weight loss program who had achieved less than 4% of body weight loss at 1 month.

This cross-sectional study uses 3 definitions of iron deficiency to estimate the prevalence of iron deficiency among women in the US and Canada.

This survey study examines the extent to which for-profit and nonprofit or governmental clinical research sites use strategies to recruit trial participants from socioeconomically disadvantaged groups.

This nonrandomized controlled trial investigates the association of an electronic health record–based lung cancer screening intervention with improved screening-related care.

This cohort study assesses the implications of alcohol consumption for depression, mania or hypomania, anxiety, and workplace functioning among adults with type I or II bipolar disorder.

This cohort study examines the levels of serum glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light in athletes in Australia who experience sport-related concussion.

This cohort study compares all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events associated with bariatric metabolic surgery vs glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for adults with obesity and diabetes.

This diagnostic study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy, repeatability, and feasibility of a handheld 6-lead electrocardiographic device for QTc interval measurement, relative to formal standard 12-lead electrocardiographic devices, within resource-constrained settings.

This cross-sectional study analyzes linguistic and workflow barriers that prevent access to clinic appointments for patients with cancer.

This cohort study examines the role of lung ultrasonography score in estimating respiratory episodes needing drugs or hospitalization in premature infants.

This cohort study categorizes patients with adult moyamoya disease based on asymptomatic, ischemic, and hemorrhagic onset and compares bypass surgery and conservative management in terms of the risk of death, hemorrhagic stroke, and ischemic stroke.

This cohort study examines whether meeting Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans is associated with cardiovascular disease or mortality risk similarly among individuals with prediabetes and normoglycemia, and whether physical activity associations with health outcomes differ between Hispanic or Latino and non-Hispanic adults.

This cohort study assesses COVID-19 vaccination coverage among people with HIV and investigates the sociodemographic, clinical, and community-level factors associated with completion of the vaccine primary series and an additional primary dose.

This cohort study of data from the UK Biobank examines associations between cumulative lifetime cannabis use and all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality.

This cross-sectional study compares the cognitive characteristics of patients with negative symptom–dominant first-episode psychosis with those of patients diagnosed with positive symptom–dominant and general symptom–dominant first-episode psychosis.

This survey study evaluates risk factors for and prevalence rates and co-occurrence of grief-related psychiatric conditions among bereaved adults in the US.

This cohort study evaluates whether there are differences by physician specialty in the prevalence of reports of unprofessional behavior from coworkers.

This qualitative study investigated home health aides’ perspectives toward mental health and well-being and how their job influences these areas of life.

This cohort study examines the association of principal investigator (PI) turnover with patient enrollment in surgical clinical trials.

This cohort study examines the association between the reimbursement policy and blood phenylalanine concentration in patients with phenylketonuria in China.

This cohort study examines the association of the timing of antibiotic administration in the emergency department (ED) with the risk of sepsis-attributable mortality in children.

This cross-sectional study evaluates how many patients report cannabis use in primary care wellness visits, what reasons they report for use, and what factors are associated with cannabis use.

This cohort study evaluates temporal trends of body roundness index in a nationally representative sample of US adults and examines the associations of body roundness index and all-cause mortality.

This cohort study of Medicare Advantage enrollees examines the association between adoption of a primarily health-related benefit, Special Supplemental Benefit for the Chronically Ill, or both and changes in enrollees’ overall plan ratings.

This cohort study evaluates the utility of genetic testing for global developmental delay in young children in China and assesses potential targets for early intervention.

This case series compares amounts of tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol reported on product labels vs levels found in laboratory testing in legal oral cannabis oil products in Ontario, Canada.

This survey study examines the ability of firearm owners and nonowners to determine correct and incorrect cable lock use across different types of firearms.

This nonrandomized controlled trial examines subjectively and objectively assessed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity, anxiety, depression, and psychosocial functioning among US veterans with vs without a psychiatric service dog.

This systematic review and network meta-analysis assesses which total neoadjuvant treatment regimens are associated with the highest pathological complete response rates compared with standard long-course chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer.

This cohort study investigates disparities in survival and mortality between Māori patients and patients from other ethnic groups with head and neck cancer in New Zealand.

This cohort study evaluates associations of county-level prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening prevalence with prostate cancer outcomes, including mortality, as well as variation by sociodemographic and clinical factors.

This cohort study examines whether a watchful waiting treatment strategy is associated with adverse outcomes in men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer and a life expectancy of less than 10 years in Sweden.

This cohort study of more than 1 million children in Denmark evaluates the association between paternal use of valproate during spermatogenesis and offspring risk of congenital malformations and neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder.

This cohort study assesses whether baseline sleep problems are associated with adverse changes in behavioral and cardiometabolic health outcomes among urban American Indian and Alaska Native adolescents 2 years later.

This consensus statement identifies key ethics and policy issues for the future integration of psychedelic therapies into clinical practice.

This randomized clinical trial examines whether remote monitoring of blood pressure and medication adherence, with or without feedback to a social support partner, is associated with better control than usual care in adults with hypertension.

This randomized clinical trial compares 10-year outcomes of Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass and duodenal switch surgery among patients with severe obesity.

This randomized clinical trial compares a collaborative care intervention vs usual care in decreasing chronic pain interference for patients with traumatic brain injury.

This cohort study investigates the outcomes of incorporating Medicare Advantage data into the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) claims-based FFS Hospital-Wide All-Cause Unplanned Readmission measure and hospital performance quintile ranking.

This systematic review of randomized clinical trials investigating hematological malignant neoplasms examines how often patient-reported outcomes are included in results.

This mixed-methods study examines how trainees and faculty cope with the impact of adverse patient events.