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Mark Esper wearing a gray suit and red tie standing in front of a tan-colored armored vehicle.
Mark T. Esper, the former defense secretary, has joined a venture capital firm that invests in military startups.Credit...Mark Abramson for The New York Times

New Spin on a Revolving Door: Pentagon Officials Turned Venture Capitalists

Retired officers and departing defense officials are flocking to investment firms that are pushing the government to provide more money to defense-technology startups.

Reporting from Simi Valley, Calif., and Washington, D.C., as part of a yearlong examination of the Pentagon’s efforts to embrace new technology amid growing global demand for weapons.

When Defense Secretary Lloyd J. Austin III and other top officials assembled for an event this month at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, they walked into a lesson in how the high-stakes world of Pentagon lobbying is being altered by the rise of defense technology startups.

Inside, at this elite gathering near Los Angeles of senior leaders from government and the arms industry, was a rapidly growing group of participants: former Pentagon officials and military officers who have joined venture capital firms and are trying to use their connections in Washington to cash in on the potential to sell a new generation of weapons.

They represent a new path through the revolving door that has always connected the Defense Department and the military contracting business.

Retiring generals and departing top Pentagon officials once migrated regularly to the big established weapons makers like Lockheed Martin and Boeing.

Now they are increasingly flocking to venture capital firms that have collectively pumped billions of dollars into Silicon Valley-style startups offering the Pentagon new war-fighting tools like autonomous killer drones, hypersonic jets and space surveillance equipment.

This new route to the private sector is one indicator of the ways in which the United States is trying to become more agile in harnessing technological advances to maintain military superiority over China and other rivals.


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