MeSH

Single chain carbohydrates that are the most basic units of CARBOHYDRATES. They are typically colorless crystalline substances with a sweet taste and have the same general formula CnH2nOn.

These compounds function as activated monosaccharide carriers in the biosynthesis of glycoproteins and oligosaccharide phospholipids. Obtained from a nucleoside diphosphate sugar and a polyisoprenyl phosphate.

Year introduced: 1991(1978)

Monosaccharide molecules that contain a three carbon backbone.

Sugar analogs in which the ring oxygen is replaced by a methylene (CH2) carbon.

Year introduced: 2008

A large group of membrane transport proteins that shuttle MONOSACCHARIDES across CELL MEMBRANES.

Year introduced: 1986

enzymes which add monosaccharides from nucleoside mono-or diphosphate monosaccharides onto glycoproteins

Date introduced: January 1, 1974

Acids derived from monosaccharides by the oxidation of the terminal (-CH2OH) group farthest removed from the carbonyl group to a (-COOH) group. (From Stedmans, 26th ed)

MONOSACCHARIDES and other sugars that contain one or more carboxylic acid moieties.

Year introduced: 1973

Long chain polymeric CARBOHYDRATES composed of MONOSACCHARIDES linked by glycosidic bonds.

The delivery of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient whose sole source of nutrients is via solutions administered intravenously, subcutaneously, or by some other non-alimentary route. The basic components of TPN solutions are protein hydrolysates or free amino acid mixtures, monosaccharides, and electrolytes. Components are selected for their ability to reverse catabolism, promote anabolism, and build structural proteins.

Year introduced: 1992

Carbohydrates consisting of between two (DISACCHARIDES) and ten MONOSACCHARIDES connected by either an alpha- or beta-glycosidic link. They are found throughout nature in both the free and bound form.

MONOSACCHARIDES containing one ketone group per molecule.

Year introduced: 1974

MONOSACCHARIDES whose molecules contain six carbon atoms, such as GLUCOSE and FRUCTOSE. They generally have the chemical formula C6H12O6.

Enzymes belonging to the class of GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASES which break down DISACCHARIDES into simpler sugars, MONOSACCHARIDES.

Year introduced: 1974

A class of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n. The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES.

Year introduced: /metabolism was CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 1963-1965

Autosomal recessive mutations in the SI gene that cause a deficiency of sucrase-isomaltase. This disrupts the HYDROLYSIS of dietary SUCROSE and some of the products of STARCH digestion, which causes osmotic DIARRHEA when the DISACCHARIDE is ingested, because absorption cannot occur until after hydrolysis produces the component MONOSACCHARIDES. OMIM: 222900

Date introduced: August 25, 2010

steroidal saponin containing six monosaccharides from Tribulus terrestris; structure in first source

Date introduced: December 24, 2002

splits the disaccharide neoagarobiose to monosaccharides

Date introduced: October 26, 1983

used in fluorimetric labeling of monosaccharides; structure

Date introduced: September 23, 1981

A type of elimination diet restricting from foods with fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols, to help determine if specific foods containing these carbohydrates are triggering symptoms of IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME.

Year introduced: 2023