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. 2021 Jul 26;17(3):e1186.
doi: 10.1002/cl2.1186. eCollection 2021 Sep.

PROTOCOL: The association between whole-grain dietary intake and noncommunicable diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Wasim A Iqbal  1 , Gavin B Stewart  1 , Abigail Smith  1 , Linda Errington  1 , Chris J Seal  1
Affiliations

PROTOCOL: The association between whole-grain dietary intake and noncommunicable diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Wasim A Iqbal et al. Campbell Syst Rev. .

Abstract

Our primary research questions are: (1) What is the association between whole grains (WG) intake and the prevalence of NCDs (i.e., type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, cancer, mortality) and their biomarkers? (2) Which biomarker(s) has/have the greatest association with WG intake when combining multiple biomarkers together in the same analysis? Our secondary research question is: (3) Are there dose-response relationships between WG intake and biomarkers and prevalence of NCDs which could help inform a universal recommendation for WG intake?

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Basic structure of a WG. The bran constitutes the inner and outer pericarp, testa and nucellar epidermis. The endosperm mostly consists of starch and the aleurone layer (which is removed with bran in refinement). The germ contains the plant embryo (Evers & Millar, ; Slavin, 2004)
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