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[Preprint]. 2023 Mar 16:rs.3.rs-2592087.
doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2592087/v1.

Mediating role of obesity on the association between disadvantaged neighborhoods and intracortical myelination

Lisa Kilpatrick  1 , Keying Zhang  1 , Tien Dong  1 , Gilbert Gee  1 , Hiram Beltran-Sanchez  1 , May Wang  1 , Jennifer Labus  1 , Bruce Naliboff  1 , Emeran Mayer  1 , Arpana Gupta  1
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Mediating role of obesity on the association between disadvantaged neighborhoods and intracortical myelination

Lisa Kilpatrick et al. Res Sq. .

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Abstract

We investigated the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage (area deprivation index [ADI]) and intracortical myelination (T1-weighted/T2-weighted ratio at deep to superficial cortical levels), and the potential mediating role of the body mass index (BMI) and perceived stress in 92 adults. Worse ADI was correlated with increased BMI and perceived stress (p's<.05). Non-rotated partial least squares analysis revealed associations between worse ADI and decreased myelination in middle/deep cortex in supramarginal, temporal, and primary motor regions and increased myelination in superficial cortex in medial prefrontal and cingulate regions (p<.001); thus, neighborhood disadvantage may influence the flexibility of information processing involved in reward, emotion regulation, and cognition. Structural equation modelling revealed increased BMI as partially mediating the relationship between worse ADI and observed myelination increases (p=.02). Further, trans-fatty acid intake was correlated with observed myelination increases (p=.03), suggesting the importance of dietary quality. These data further suggest ramifications of neighborhood disadvantage on brain health.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Partial least squares analysis of the relationship between worse ADI and intracortical myelination at 4 cortical ribbon levels The 4 cortical ribbon levels were as follows: deep, 5%-25% of cortical thickness from white-pial boundary; lower-middle, 30%-50%; upper-middle, 55%-75%, superficial, 80%-100%. Worse ADI was associated with increased myelination (yellow) in medial prefrontal and cingulate regions, and decreased myelination (blue) in supramarginal, middle temporal, and primary motor regions (p<.001). ADI, area deprivation index
Figure 2
Figure 2. Structural equation modeling analysis of the mediation of the relationships between worse ADI and intracortical myelination.
BMI partially mediated the relationship between ADI and intracortical myelination in regions positively associated with worse ADI. *p<.05; ADI, area deprivation index; BMI, body mass index
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