Whole-grain intake as a marker of healthy body weight and adiposity
- PMID: 18005489
- DOI: 10.1017/S1368980007001279
Whole-grain intake as a marker of healthy body weight and adiposity
Abstract
Objective: To review evidence relating to the consumption of whole grains and healthy body weight (BW).
Design: Systematic review and analysis of observational studies reporting whole-grain consumption and measures of BW and adiposity, including the effect on macronutrient intakes and lifestyle factors.
Setting: Medline and other databases were searched for the period 1990 to 2006 to produce a full reference list; observational studies were retained for further analysis if they included an appropriate control group and reported whole-grain intake and body mass index (BMI) or a measure of adiposity.
Subjects: Fifteen trials were identified which included data from 119 829 male and female subjects aged 13 years and over.
Results: The combined and weighted mean difference in BMI from 15 studies representing 20 treatment groups (n = 119 829) using a random-effects model was 0.630 kg/m2 lower when high versus low whole-grain intake was compared, P < 0.0001 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.460, 0.800 kg/m2). In high consumers, adiposity assessed as waist circumference was reduced by 2.7 (95 % CI 0.2, 5.2) cm, P = 0.03 (six data sets, n = 4178) or as waist:hip ratio by 0.023 (95 % CI 0.016, 0.030), P < 0.0001 (four data sets, n = 20 147). Higher intake of whole grains led to increased dietary fibre intake (9 g, P < 0.01), while total and saturated fat intakes decreased by 11 g and 3.9 g, respectively.
Conclusion: A higher intake of whole grains (about three servings per day) was associated with lower BMI and central adiposity. In addition, people who consume more whole grains are likely to have a healthier lifestyle as fewer of them smoke, they exercise more frequently and they tend to have lower fat and higher fibre intakes.
Similar articles
-
Behavioral Counseling to Promote a Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Known Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Updated Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [Internet].Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2017 Jul. Report No.: 15-05222-EF-1. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2017 Jul. Report No.: 15-05222-EF-1. PMID: 29364620 Free Books & Documents. Review.
-
Whole grain consumption trends and associations with body weight measures in the United States: results from the cross sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2012.Nutr J. 2016 Jan 22;15:8. doi: 10.1186/s12937-016-0126-4. Nutr J. 2016. PMID: 26801989 Free PMC article.
-
Nutrient intake, diet quality, and weight/adiposity parameters in breakfast patterns compared with no breakfast in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2008.J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014 Dec;114(12 Suppl):S27-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.021. Epub 2014 Nov 24. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014. PMID: 25458992
-
Whole grain and body weight changes in apparently healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Oct;98(4):872-84. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.064659. Epub 2013 Aug 14. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013. PMID: 23945718 Review.
-
Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and changes in weight and development of obesity among middle-aged women.Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Nov;78(5):920-7. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/78.5.920. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003. PMID: 14594777
Cited by
-
The possible relationship between the healthy eating index-2015 and the 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases.BMC Nutr. 2023 Jun 28;9(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s40795-023-00735-8. BMC Nutr. 2023. PMID: 37370157 Free PMC article.
-
PROTOCOL: The association between whole-grain dietary intake and noncommunicable diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Campbell Syst Rev. 2021 Jul 26;17(3):e1186. doi: 10.1002/cl2.1186. eCollection 2021 Sep. Campbell Syst Rev. 2021. PMID: 37051450 Free PMC article.
-
Why Does Obesity as an Inflammatory Condition Predispose to Colorectal Cancer?J Clin Med. 2023 Mar 23;12(7):2451. doi: 10.3390/jcm12072451. J Clin Med. 2023. PMID: 37048534 Free PMC article. Review.
-
The Profiling of Diet and Physical Activity in Reproductive Age Women and Their Association with Body Mass Index.Nutrients. 2022 Jun 23;14(13):2607. doi: 10.3390/nu14132607. Nutrients. 2022. PMID: 35807789 Free PMC article.
-
Influencing factors of obesity in school-age children and adolescents - A systematic review of the literature in the context of obesity monitoring.J Health Monit. 2020 May 7;5(Suppl 2):2-23. doi: 10.25646/6729. eCollection 2020 May. J Health Monit. 2020. PMID: 35146282 Free PMC article.
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical