A possible protective effect of nut consumption on risk of coronary heart disease. The Adventist Health Study
- PMID: 1627021
A possible protective effect of nut consumption on risk of coronary heart disease. The Adventist Health Study
Abstract
Background: Although dietary factors are suspected to be important determinants of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, the direct evidence is relatively sparse.
Methods: The Adventist Health Study is a prospective cohort investigation of 31,208 non-Hispanic white California Seventh-Day Adventists. Extensive dietary information was obtained at baseline, along with the values of traditional coronary risk factors. These were related to risk of definite fatal CHD or definite nonfatal myocardial infarction.
Results: Subjects who consumed nuts frequently (more than four times per week) experienced substantially fewer definite fatal CHD events (relative risk, 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36 to 0.76) and definite nonfatal myocardial infarctions (relative risk, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.85), when compared with those who consumed nuts less than once per week. These findings persisted on covariate adjustment and were seen in almost all of 16 different subgroups of the population. Subjects who usually consumed whole wheat bread also experienced lower rates of definite nonfatal myocardial infarction (relative risk, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.89) and definite fatal CHD (relative risk, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.60 to 1.33) when compared with those who usually ate white bread. Men who ate beef at least three times each week had a higher risk of definite fatal CHD (relative risk, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.11 to 4.78), but this effect was not seen in women or for the nonfatal myocardial infarction end point.
Conclusion: Our data strongly suggest that the frequent consumption of nuts may protect against risk of CHD events. The favorable fatty acid profile of many nuts is one possible explanation for such an effect.
Comment in
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Nuts, nuts good for your heart...?Arch Intern Med. 1992 Dec;152(12):2507, 2511. doi: 10.1001/archinte.152.12.2507b. Arch Intern Med. 1992. PMID: 1296640 No abstract available.
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Concerning the possibility of a nut..Arch Intern Med. 1992 Jul;152(7):1371-2. Arch Intern Med. 1992. PMID: 1303626 No abstract available.
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Nuts do not prevent heart attacks.Arch Intern Med. 1993 Jan 11;153(1):125. Arch Intern Med. 1993. PMID: 8422196 No abstract available.
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Copper in nuts may lower heart disease risk.Arch Intern Med. 1993 Feb 8;153(3):401-2. Arch Intern Med. 1993. PMID: 8427546 No abstract available.
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Is the magnesium content of nuts a factor for coronary heart disease?Arch Intern Med. 1993 Mar 22;153(6):779-80. Arch Intern Med. 1993. PMID: 8447717 No abstract available.
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Anti-atherogenic effect of nuts: is the answer NO?Arch Intern Med. 1993 Apr 12;153(7):896, 899, 902. Arch Intern Med. 1993. PMID: 8466383 No abstract available.
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